The panel will focus on: the degree to which transformative technologies and related business models including AI, machine learning, big data, the Internet of Things and the emerging collaborative economy are likely to change the volume of work, the character of work, and compensation for work; and the implications of the changing character of work, and the shift away from traditional full time employment, are likely to have on social protection systems in the US and the EU, together with potential public policy responses. This transformation poses significant challenges for policymakers who seek to ensure that their national populations are reasonably well protected against catastrophic events as well as expensive but predictable events.